Imiyoboro y'ibyuma hamwe n'imiyoboro ikoreshwa mubyumba byo gutekamo no guhanahana ubushyuhe
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma hamwe n'imiyoboro, Yerekeza ku mpande zombi z'igice cyo gufungura no gufungura, uburebure bwacyo hamwe na peripheri y'ibyuma binini, ukurikije uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro birashobora kugabanywamo umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ubudodo hamwe n'icyuma gisudira, ibyuma byerekana ibyuma hanze ibipimo (nka diametre yo hanze cyangwa uburebure bwuruhande) hamwe nubunini bwurukuta, ubunini bwarwo ni bugari cyane, kuva kumurambararo muto wa capillary umuyoboro kugeza kuri diametero ya metero nkeya yumuyoboro munini.Imiyoboro yicyuma irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvoma, ibikoresho byubushyuhe, inganda zimashini, ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli ya peteroli, kontineri, inganda zimiti nintego zidasanzwe.
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma hamwe n'imiyoboro, Igabanyijemo ibyuma bidafite icyuma hamwe n'umuyoboro w'icyuma usudira (umuyoboro w'icyuma) ibyiciro bibiri.Ukurikije imiterere yicyiciro irashobora kugabanywamo umuyoboro uzengurutswe nuyoboro udasanzwe, ikoreshwa cyane ni umuyoboro wibyuma bizenguruka, ariko hariho kare, kare, urukiramende, uruziga, impande enye zingana, inyabutatu iringaniye, icyuma cya mpande enye zidasanzwe.Kugirango umuyoboro wibyuma munsi yumuvuduko wamazi kugirango ukore ibizamini bya hydraulic kugirango ugerageze ubushobozi bwumuvuduko nubwiza bwayo, mugihe cyumuvuduko wihariye ntusohoka, gutose cyangwa kwaguka kubujuje ibyangombwa, umuyoboro wibyuma bimwe ukurikije ibipimo cyangwa ibisabwa byikizamini cyuruhande, ugashya. ikizamini, ikizamini.
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma hamwe n'imiyoboro, Uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma hamwe n'imiyoboro, ni ubwoko bw'igituba kitagira ikizinga.Uburyo bwo gukora ni kimwe nu muyoboro udafite ikidodo, ariko haribisabwa cyane kubwoko bwibyuma bikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro yicyuma.Ukurikije imikoreshereze yubushyuhe igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri bwamazi rusange hamwe nigitutu cyumuvuduko mwinshi.
Ibyuma bitekesha ibyuma hamwe nu miyoboro, umutungo wubukanishi nigipimo cyingenzi kugirango serivisi yanyuma yicyuma.Biterwa nibigize imiti yibyuma hamwe na sisitemu yo gutunganya ubushyuhe.Muburyo bwicyuma gisanzwe, ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye byo gukoresha, byateganyaga imiterere ya tensile (imbaraga zingana, gutanga umusaruro cyangwa gutanga umusaruro, kuramba) no gukomera, ibipimo byerekana ubukana, kimwe nibisabwa nabakoresha kugirango ubushyuhe buke kandi buke.
Temperature Ubushyuhe rusange bwo guteka buri munsi ya 350 ℃, umuyoboro wo murugo ukorwa cyane cyane No 10, oya.20 ibyuma bya karubone bishyushye bizunguruka cyangwa umuyoboro ukonje.
Tub Umuyoboro mwinshi wo gutekesha utubuto ukoreshwa kenshi mubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi.Mubikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru gazi ya gaz hamwe numwuka wamazi, okiside na ruswa bizabaho.Umuyoboro wibyuma urasabwa kugira imbaraga ndende zirambye, kurwanya okiside nyinshi kwangirika no gukomera kwa microstructure
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi hamwe nimiyoboro, Koresha
.
. inganda zidasanzwe zizarushaho gutandukana.Abashinzwe inganda bagaragaza ko ihuza rikomeye ari ugukoresha no kuzamura ibikoresho bya 20g byumuvuduko ukabije w’ibikoresho byo kubika ubushyuhe bushya bwo kuzigama ingufu.
Ibicuruzwa bishya bizigama ingufu 20g byumuvuduko mwinshi wibicuruzwa bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro ku isoko, nk'irangi ryangiza ibidukikije bibungabunga ibidukikije, ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero bwo kuzigama no kuzigama amazi, amabuye yo kurengera ibidukikije, akanama gashinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije sima ifuro, kuzigama ingufu na ibicuruzwa byo kurengera ibidukikije kumasoko yagutse ya 20g yumuvuduko ukabije wa boiler tube inganda ziratanga ikizere.[1]
Ingingo zibishinzwe
(1) GB / T5310-2008.Uburyo bwo gupima imiti ukurikije GB222-84 na "Uburyo bwo gusesengura imiti yicyuma nicyuma na Alloy", GB223 "Uburyo bwo gusesengura imiti yicyuma nicyuma na Alloy".
2
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi hamwe nu miyoboro, Icyiciro cya Steel
(1) Ibyuma byiza bya karubone byubatswe ibyuma 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG.
.
.Imiyoboro y'icyuma itangwa muburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe.
Hiyongereyeho, microstructure, ingano yintete hamwe na decarburisation yicyuma cyarangije ibyuma nabyo birasabwa
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi Imiyoboro hamwe nimiyoboro, Ibintu bifatika bya
.Ikizamini cya Tensile ukurikije GB / T228-87, ikizamini cya hydraulic ukurikije GB / T241-90, ikizamini cyo gusibanganya ukurikije GB / T246-97, ikizamini cyaka umuriro ukurikije GB / T242-97, ikizamini cyo kugonda ubukonje ukurikije GB244-97.
(2) GB5310-2008.Ikizamini cya tension, ikizamini cyumuvuduko wamazi hamwe nikizamini cyo kuringaniza ni kimwe na gb3087-82;Ikizamini cyingaruka ukurikije GB229-94, ikizamini cyaka ukurikije GB / T242-97, ikizamini cy ingano ukurikije YB / T5148-93;Ukurikije GB13298-91 yo kugenzura microstructure, GB224-87 yo kugenzura ibice bya decarburisation na GB / T5777-96 yo kugenzura ultrasonic.
.
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi Numuyoboro, Ibikoresho bya mashini ya
Imbaraga
Mubikorwa bigoye, imbaraga ntarengwa (Fb) yikigereranyo kumeneka ikomoka kumaganya (σ) yumwimerere wambukiranya igice (So) yikigereranyo, bita imbaraga za tensile (σb), zigaragarira muri N / mm2 (MPa).Yerekana ubushobozi ntarengwa bwibikoresho byicyuma kugirango birwanye ibyangiritse.Inzira yo kubara ni:
Aho: Fb-- imbaraga ntarengwa zitwarwa nicyitegererezo iyo kimenetse, N (Newton);Noneho-- Umwimerere wambukiranya igice cyicyitegererezo, mm2.
Ingingo y'umusaruro
Ibikoresho byibyuma bifite umusaruro, urugero mugikorwa cyingufu zingutu ntirwiyongera (komeza guhoraho) rushobora gukomeza kwagura imihangayiko, bita umusaruro.Mugihe imbaraga zagabanutse, ingingo zo hejuru no hasi zitanga umusaruro zigomba gutandukanywa.Igice cy'umusaruro ni N / mm2 (MPa).
Umusaruro wo hejuru (σ SU) ni stress ntarengwa mbere yuko urugero rutanga kandi imbaraga zigabanuka kunshuro yambere.Ingingo yo gutanga umusaruro muke (σ SL): guhangayikishwa byibuze murwego rwo gutanga umusaruro mugihe ingaruka yambere yinzibacyuho itarebwa.
Ingingo y'umusaruro irashobora kubarwa na:
Aho Fs nimbaraga zitanga umusaruro (zihoraho) zicyitegererezo mugihe cyimyitozo, N (Newton) Niko rero umwimerere wambukiranya igice cyikigereranyo, mm2
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi hamwe nu miyoboro, Kurambura nyuma yo kuvunika
Mu kizamini cya tensile, ijanisha ryuburebure ryiyongereye nintera isanzwe nyuma yikigereranyo gikururwa nuburebure bwintera yumwimerere isanzwe yitwa kuramba.Igice ni%.Inzira yo kubara ni:
Aho: L1-- intera yikigereranyo nyuma yo kumena, mm;L0-- Intera yumwimerere uburebure bwa sample, mm.
Kugabanya igice
Mu kizamini cya tensile, ijanisha ryo kugabanuka kwinshi kwagace kambukiranya igice kuri diameter yagabanutse yikigereranyo nyuma yo gukururwa kandi agace kambere kambukiranya igice bita igipimo cyo kugabanya akarere.expressed bigaragarira muri%.Inzira yo kubara niyi ikurikira:
Aho, S0-- umwimerere wambukiranya igice cyicyitegererezo, mm2;S1-- Agace ntarengwa kambukiranya igice kuri diameter yagabanutse yikigereranyo nyuma yo kumeneka, mm2.
Icyerekezo gikomeye
Gukomera nubushobozi bwibikoresho byicyuma cyo kurwanya ibintu bikomeye bikanda hejuru.Ukurikije uburyo bwikizamini hamwe nubunini bwakoreshejwe, ubukana burashobora kugabanywamo ubukana bwa Brinell, ubukana bwa Rockwell, ubukana bwa Vickers, ubukana bwa Shore, ubukana bwa micro hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mu kuvoma ibikoresho bifite brinell, rockwell, Vickers gukomera ubwoko 3.
A, Brinell gukomera (HB)
Umupira wicyuma cyangwa umupira wa karbide ya diameter runaka ukanda hejuru yicyitegererezo hamwe nimbaraga zipimishije (F), hanyuma imbaraga zipimisha zikurwaho nyuma yigihe cyagenwe cyo gupima diameter yerekana (L) hejuru yicyitegererezo.Umubare ukomeye wa Brinell ni igipimo cyimbaraga zipimisha zigabanijwe nubuso bwubuso bwa indentation.Byerekanwe muri HBS, igice ni N / mm2 (MPa).
Amashanyarazi Amashanyarazi hamwe nu miyoboro, Ubwiza no Kugenzura
Ibisobanuro n'ibigaragara
.Ibisobanuro byibyuma byibyuma bitandukanye byubatswe, diameter 10 ~ 426mm, ubwoko 43 murirusange.Hariho ubwoko 29 bwubugari bwurukuta kuva 1,5 mm kugeza 26mm.Nyamara, umurambararo winyuma hamwe nuburebure bwurukuta rwumuyaga ushyushye cyane, umuyoboro munini wumwotsi, umuyoboro muto wumwotsi hamwe numuyoboro wamatafari wamatafari ukoreshwa mumashanyarazi abigenewe ukundi.
.Ubukonje bukonje (bukonje bukonje) umuyoboro wa diameter 10 ~ 108mm, uburebure bwurukuta 2.0 ~ 13.0mm.
.Ubwiza bugaragara: gucamo, kuzinga, kuzunguruka, inkovu, gutandukana hamwe n’iminkanyari ntibyemewe hejuru yimbere ninyuma yumuyoboro wibyuma.Izi nenge zigomba kuvaho burundu.Ubujyakuzimu ntibushobora kurenga gutandukana kwubunini bwurukuta rwizina, kandi uburebure bwurukuta nyirizina ntibushobora kuba munsi yuburebure bwemewe bwurukuta.[2]
Ikizamini cya shimi
.Uburyo bwo gupima imiti ukurikije gb222-84 na GB223 "Uburyo bwo gusesengura imiti ya Steel na Alloy" igice cyingenzi.
(2) GB5310-2008.Uburyo bwo gupima imiti ukurikije GB222-84 na "Uburyo bwo gusesengura imiti yicyuma nicyuma na Alloy", GB223 "Uburyo bwo gusesengura imiti yicyuma nicyuma na Alloy".
3
| Ibicuruzwa | ibyuma byo gutekesha ibyuma hamwe nu miyoboro | |
| Umuyoboro utagira ikizinga | Ubushinwa | GB / T8162 / T8163 GB5310 / 6579/9948 |
| Amerika | ASTM A53 / A106 / A178 / A179 / A192 / A210 / A213 / A333 / A335 / A283 / A135 / A214 / 315 / A500 / A501 / A519 / A161 / A334;API 5L / 5CT | |
| Ubuyapani | JIS G3452 / G3454 / G3456 / G3457 / G3458 / G3460 / 3461/3462/3464 | |
| Ikidage | DIN 1626/17175 / 1629-4 / 2448/2391/17200 SEW680 | |
| Uburusiya | GOST 8732/8731/3183 | |
| Ibikoresho na Grade | Ubushinwa | 10 #, 20 #, 16Mn, 20G, 15MoG, 15CrMo, 30CrMo, 42Crmo, 27SiMn, 20CrMo |
| Amerika | Gr.B / Gr.A / A179 / A192 / A-1 / T11 / T12 / T22 / P1 / FP1 / T5 / 4140/430 | |
| Ubuyapani | STPG38, STB30, STS38, STB33, STB42, STS49, STBA23, STPA25, STPA23 | |
| Ikidage | ST33, ST37, ST35, ST35.8, ST45, ST52,15Mo3,13CrMo44, 1.0309, 1.0305, 1.0405 | |
| Uburusiya | 10, 20, 35, 45, 20X | |
| Diameter | 10-1000mm CYANGWA kwihindura | |
| Uburebure bw'urukuta | 1-100mm CYANGWA kwihindura | |
| Uburebure | 1-12m CYANGWA kwihindura | |
| Kurinda | Ingofero ya plastiki | |
| Amagambo yo gupakira | Ikirango kandi gihujwe hamwe nicyuma | |
| Amagambo yoherejwe | Ibikoresho cyangwa imigozi yinyanja, imwe 20 "kontineri irashobora gupakira toni zigera kuri 20 (metero 5.8 z'uburebure), imwe" 40 "ishobora gupakira hafi toni 23-25 (munsi ya metero 11.8) | |
| Icyemezo cyiza | ISO, API, Icyemezo cyo Kugerageza | |
| Kuvura Ubuso | Irangi ryirabura / risize irangi, amavuta yo kurwanya ruswa, galvanised cyangwa nkuko bisabwa nabakiriya | |
| Ubuhanga | Bishyushye / Ubukonje Bwashushanijwe |
| Ibyiciro by'icyuma | Q195, Q235A-B, Q345A-E, 20 #, 10 #, 16Mn, ASTM A36, ASTM A500, ASTM A53, ASTM 106, SS400, St37, St52, S235JR, S355TRH ect. |
| Ibipimo | GB / T 3091-2001, GB / T13912-2002, BS 1387, ASTM F1083 ect. |
| Umuyoboro urangira | byoroshye, byacuzwe, bifatanye, soketi hamwe nu mwobo, hamwe na PVC amashyi / guhuza / gufunga, cyangwa nkibisabwa nabakiriya |
| kwivuza | |
| Gusaba | gutanga amazi (pompe neza, gaze, amazi), umuyoboro wubwubatsi, imiterere umuyoboro (imiterere ya parike, uruzitiro), urukuta rwumwenda, imashini igice ect. |
| Igihe cyo Gutanga | Iminsi 10 uhereye kububiko;Iminsi 15-20 yakozwe ukurikije qty |
| Igihe cyo kwishyura | T / T cyangwa L / C. |
| Igihe cyibiciro | CIF;CFR;FOB |
| Icyambu | Icyambu cya Qingdao icyambu cya Tianjin Icyambu cya Shanghai |
Kwerekana ibicuruzwa
